The purpose of induction of labor is to stimulate uterine contractions before onset of spontaneous labor for vaginal delivery. The rates of induction of labor have significantly increased during the last decades. Currently, induction of labor is one of the most frequently performed obstetric procedures. A recent RCT comparing elective induction of labor at 39 weeks gestation with expectant management in nulliparous women (the ARRIVE trial – see below in ‘Related ObG Topics’), showed no increase in perinatal morbidity and mortality rates with lower rates of cesarean delivery. The results of this trial and other more recent studies will likely further increase induction rates.
Indications include but are not limited to the following
Note: See summary of guidance on timing of delivery for medical indications below in ‘Related ObG Topics’
Cervical Ripening
Bishop Score
Cervical Ripening Agents
Note: “ACOG suggests the use of pharmacologic methods in combination with mechanical methods of cervical ripening to shorten the time from admission to delivery in appropriate candidates”
Oxytocin
Membrane Stripping
Amniotomy
ACOG Clinical Practice Guideline 9: Cervical Ripening in Pregnancy
ACOG Clinical Practice Guideline 8: First and Second Stage Labor Management
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