This activity is intended for healthcare providers delivering care to women and their families.
After completing this activity, the participant should be better able to:
1. Discuss the ACOG and SMFM recommendations for fetal aneuploidy screening
2. Describe the screening performance of NIPS and how to follow up on a negative or positive screen result
Estimated time to complete activity: 0.75 hours
Postgraduate Institute for Medicine (PIM) requires faculty, planners, and others in control of educational content to disclose all their financial relationships with ineligible companies. All identified conflicts of interest (COI) are thoroughly vetted and mitigated according to PIM policy. PIM is committed to providing its learners with high quality accredited continuing education activities and related materials that promote improvements or quality in healthcare and not a specific proprietary business interest of an ineligible company.
The PIM planners and others have nothing to disclose. The OBG Project planners and others have nothing to disclose.
Faculty: Ashley Comfort, MD, has a financial interest in Pfizer and has no other conflicts of interest to disclose.
Planners and Managers: The PIM planners and managers, Trace Hutchison, PharmD, Samantha Mattiucci, PharmD, CHCP, Judi Smelker-Mitchek, MBA, MSN, RN, and Jan Schultz, MSN, RN, CHCP have nothing to disclose.
Fees for participating and receiving CME credit for this activity are as posted on The ObG Project website. During the period from through , participants must read the learning objectives and faculty disclosures and study the educational activity.
If you wish to receive acknowledgment for completing this activity, please complete the test and evaluation. Upon registering and successfully completing the test with a score of 100% and the activity evaluation, your certificate will be made available immediately.
In support of improving patient care, this activity has been planned and implemented by the Postgraduate Institute for Medicine and The ObG Project. Postgraduate Institute for Medicine is jointly accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME), the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE), and the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC), to provide continuing education for the healthcare team.
Postgraduate Institute for Medicine designates this enduring material for a maximum of 0.75 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
The maximum number of hours awarded for this Continuing Nursing Education activity is 0.75 contact hours.
Read Disclaimer & Fine PrintThe ACOG/SMFM practice bulletin that addresses prenatal screening for fetal chromosomal anomalies clearly states that both aneuploidy screening and diagnostic testing “should be discussed and offered to all patients regardless of maternal age or risk for chromosomal abnormality”
Notes
NIPS is a blood test that utilizes cell-free DNA technology (cfDNA) to predict the risk for fetal genetic disorders during pregnancy. In 2011, NIPS was introduced as a screen for T21 (trisomy 21 or Down syndrome). Today, NIPS cover the most common aneuploidies (T21, T13 and T18), as well as sex chromosomes and may also include some microdeletions and single gene genetic disorders
The preferred nomenclature is NIPS (‘S’ for screening) to emphasize that this test is used for screening only and not diagnostic. Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is also commonly used with an understanding that the DNA is derived from placenta and not the fetus. NIPS utilizes next generation sequencing and bioinformatics algorithms to look at the DNA fragments in the mother and fetus, as a way of determining the likelihood of certain genetic conditions in the fetus. While there are multiple panels available, there is consensus regarding the clinical utility of NIPS screening for T13, T18 and T21. Patient education, especially around the concept of positive predictive value (PPV) is a priority. Calculator tools are available from professional societies (see ‘Learn More – Primary Sources’ below) or ideally laboratories should be able to provide obstetric professionals with real world test performance results.
Trisomies
Microdeletions
Note: NIPS is a screening test and not diagnostic | Regardless of PPV, screen positive results require patients be offered invasive diagnostic testing to confirm results
Follow-Up for ‘No Call Result’
Note: It is preferred that the laboratory report the fetal fraction
Note: ACMG provides healthcare professionals with open access ‘ACT Sheets’ to guide next steps following a positive NIPS report (see ‘Learn More – Primary Sources’ below)
ACOG Practice Bulletin 226: Screening for Fetal Chromosomal Abnormalities
ACOG Practice Advisory: Cell-free DNA to Screen for Single-Gene Disorders
ACOG Statement on FDA Warning on Genetic Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening Tests | ACOG
ACMG ACT Sheets and Algorithms
Analysis of cell‐free DNA in maternal blood in screening for aneuploidies: updated meta‐analysis
NIPT/Cell Free DNA Screening Predictive Value Calculator
GHR: What is noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and what disorders can it screen for?
Maternal Fetal Medicine Specialist Locator-SMFM
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presented in this activity is not meant to serve as a guideline for patient management. Any procedures, medications, or other courses of diagnosis or treatment discussed or suggested in this activity should not be used by clinicians without evaluation of their patient’s conditions and possible contraindications and/or dangers in use, review of any applicable manufacturer’s product information, and comparison with recommendations of other authorities.
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