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Grand Rounds

How Prevalent is Parent-Reported Autism Spectrum Disorder?

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: 

  • Kogan et al. (Pediatrics, 2018) examined 
    • Prevalence of parent-reported autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis among US children aged 3 to 17 years 
    • Treatment and health care experiences of ASD patients

METHODS: 

  • A nationally representative survey (2016) 
    • National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) 
    • Health and well-being data collected on children 0 to 17 years 
  • Parent-reported information on whether children  
    • Ever received an ASD diagnosis by a care provider 
    • Current ASD status 
    • Health care use 
    • Access and challenges 
    • Methods of treatment 
  • Outcomes 
    • Weighted prevalence of ASD | Comparison of health care experiences of children with ASD vs other children | Factors associated with increased likelihood of medication and behavioral treatment

RESULTS: 

  • Parents of approximately 1.5 million US children  
    • 2.50% reported that their child had ‘ever received’ an ASD diagnosis and currently had the condition 
  • Significant variables (adjusted and unadjusted)  
    • Single mothers vs 2 parent/ married: ASD prevalence was 47% higher  
    • Households <100% of the federal poverty level vs ≥400% of the FPL: ASD prevalence was 2.06 times as high  
    • Preterm vs term: ASD prevalence was 71% higher 
    • US-born vs foreign-born children: ASD Prevalence was 2.34 times as high  
  • Children with parent-reported ASD diagnosis were more likely to have 
    • Greater health care needs and difficulties accessing health care than children with other emotional/ behavioral issues and children without these conditions 
  • Of children with current ASD 
    • 27% were taking medication for ASD-related symptoms 
    • 64% received behavioral treatments in the last 12 months 
  • Variations were observed based on socio-demographic characteristics and co-occurring conditions

CONCLUSION: 

  • US children with a parent-reported ASD diagnosis is 1 in 40 
  • Compared to previous studies, there was less variation based on age, race and/or ethnicity, or socioeconomic groups  
  • Rates of ASD-specific treatment usage vary depending on children’s sociodemographic and co-occurring conditions

Learn More – Primary Sources: 

The Prevalence of Parent-Reported Autism Spectrum Disorder Among US Children

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Related ObG Topics:

Prenatal Ultrasound and Autism: Is There a Connection?
Do Antidepressants During Pregnancy Increase Autism Risk?
Do Prenatal Tdap Vaccines Increase Risk for Autism?

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